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Post by Max on Jun 12, 2005 4:15:39 GMT -5
As a general overview retinoic acid is suggested to insert its function through two major pathways that are not always possible to distinguish:
1) Through changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix, leading to alteration of membrane GPI-anchor proteins via integrin activation and cleavage, and downstream reactions such as modulation of g-protein coupled receptors, glutamate transporters, insulin receptors and IP(3) receptors. Leading to TGF-beta activation. Increased alkaline phosphatase and reduced cytochrome c complexes.
2) Through modulation of the RXR/RAR/PPAR/TR complex located in the nucleus, leading to among other things activation of the caspases, generation of ROS, alterations in the succinate dehydrogenase. Reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. The release of cytochrome c.
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Post by Max on Jun 12, 2005 4:17:28 GMT -5
References:
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Post by fghjhgfgh on Sept 7, 2018 20:04:25 GMT -5
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